Sheanuts are the fruits of the shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa), native to the savannah regions of West and Central Africa. The nuts contain 45–55% fat, which is extracted to produce shea butter, a valuable edible and cosmetic fat. Traditionally, shea butter has been used in African diets for cooking and frying, but it is now globally recognized for its role in confectionery, especially as a cocoa butter equivalent in chocolate production.

In the cosmetics industry, shea butter is prized for its moisturizing and healing properties, making it a key ingredient in skincare and haircare products. The residual cake from sheanut processing is used as animal feed or fertilizer. Sheanut collection and processing provide vital income for millions of rural women across Africa, supporting livelihoods and local economies. With rising demand for natural and sustainable fats, sheanuts have become an increasingly important resource in global trade.